University of Wisconsin Hematology

Lymphoproliferative disorders: biology, classification and staging

Classification, epidemiology & diagnosis

  1. Campo et al. The International Consensus Classification of Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms: a report from the Clinical Advisory Committee. Blood 2022;140:1229
  2. Swerdlow et al. The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Blood 2016;127:2375
  3. Morton et al. Lymphoma incidence patterns by WHO subtype in the United States, 1992-2001. Blood 2006;107:265
  4. Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Classification Project. A clinical evaluation of the international lymphoma study group classification of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Blood 1997;89:3909
  5. Herling et al.  A systematic approach to diagnosis of mature T-cell leukemias reveals heterogeneity among WHO categories.  Blood 2004;104:328
  6. Syrykh et al. Lymph node excisions provide more precise lymphoma diagnoses than core biopsies: a French Lymphopath network survey. Blood 2022;140:2573
  7. Hehn et al.  Utility of Fine-Needle Aspiration As a Diagnostic Technique in Lymphoma.  J Clin Oncol 2004;22:3046 (Showing that FNA is NOT helpful!)
  8. Brudno et al. Discordant bone marrow involvement in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2016;127:965
  9. Goldin et al.  Familial risk of lymphoproliferative tumors in families of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results from the Swedish Family-Cancer Database. Blood 2004;104:1850
  10. Wang et al. Family history of hematopoietic malignancies and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL): a pooled analysis of 10 211 cases and 11 905 controls from the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium (InterLymph). Blood 2007;109:3479(Having a first-degree relative with heme malignancy increases risk for NHL by about 50%)
  11. Sud et al. Analysis of 153 115 patients with hematological malignancies refines the spectrum of familial risk. Blood 2019;134:960
  12. Morton et al. Etiologic heterogeneity among non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes. Blood 2008;112:5150 (examines a broad range of potential risk factors for NHL)
  13. Colt et al. Organochlorine exposure, immune gene variation, and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2009;113:1899
  14. Khan et al. Risk of Lymphoma in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis Treated With Thiopurines: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study. Gastroenterology 2013;146:1007 (4-fold increased risk)
  15. Scott et al. Determining cell-of-origin subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma using gene expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. Blood 2014;123:1214 (Core biopsy gave definitive dx in 92%, vs 98% for excisional bx)

Biology

  1. Mullighan C. Genome sequencing of lymphoid malignancies. Blood 2013;122:3899
  2. Cerhan et al. Genetic variation in 1253 immune and inflammation genes and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2007;110:4455(Genetic variation in genes for immune response, kinase signaling, lymphocyte trafficking and coagulation associated with risk for NHL)
  3. Natkunam Y. The biology of the germinal center. Hematology 2007:210
  4. Yang and Green. Harnessing lymphoma epigenetics to improve therapies. Blood 2021;136:2386
  5. O’Shea et al. The presence of TP53 mutation at diagnosis of follicular lymphoma identifies a high-risk group of patients with shortened time to disease progression and poorer overall survival. Blood 2008;112:3126
  6. Xu-Monette et al. Dysfunction of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene in lymphoid malignancies. Blood 2012;119:3668
  7. Puente et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mantle cell lymphoma: crossroads of genetic and microenvironment interactions. Blood 2018;131:2283
  8. Martin-Subero et al. New insights into the biology and origin of mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas by combined epigenomic, genomic, and transcriptional profiling. Blood 2009;113:2488
  9. Smedby et al. Autoimmune disorders and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes: a pooled analysis within the InterLymph Consortium. Blood 2008;111:4029
  10. Chiron et al. Toll-like receptors: lessons to learn from normal and malignant human B cells. Blood 2008;112:2205(a link between inflammation and lymphomagenesis?)
  11. Thorley-Lawson and Gross.  Persistence of the Epstein-Barr virus and the origins of associated lymphomas.  NEJM 2004;350:1328
  12. Lossos et al.  Prediction of Survival in Diffuse Large-B-Cell Lymphoma Based on the Expression of Six Genes.  NEJM 2004;350:1828
  13. Schmitz et al. Genetics and Pathogenesis of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. NEJM 2018;131:1396
  14. Chapuy et al. Molecular subtypes of diffuse large B cell lymphoma are associated with distinct pathogenic mechanisms and outcomes. Nat Med 2018;24:679
  15. Reed J. Bcl-2–family proteins and hematologic malignancies: history and future prospects. Blood 2008;111:3322
  16. Lenz et al. Stromal gene signatures in large B-cell lymphomas. NEJM 2008;359:2313(see also accompanying editorial)
  17. Lossos et al. Expression of a single gene, BCL-6, strongly predicts survival in patients with diffuse large cell lymphoma. Blood 2001;98:945
  18. Cerchetti et al. A purine scaffold Hsp90 inhibitor destabilizes BCL-6 and has specific antitumor activity in BCL-6–dependent B cell lymphomas. Nature Medicine 2009;15:1369
  19. Pon and Marra. Clinical impact of molecular features in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma. Blood 2016;127:181
  20. Rosenwald et al. The use of molecular profiling to predict survival after chemotherapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. NEJM 2002;346:1937
  21. Alizadeh et al. Prediction of survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma based on the expression of 2 genes reflecting tumor and microenvironment. Blood 2011;118:1350
  22. Hu et al. MYC/BCL2 protein coexpression contributes to the inferior survival of activated B-cell subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and demonstrates high-risk gene expression signatures: a report from The International DLBCL Rituximab-CHOP Consortium Program. Blood 2013;121:4021
  23. Savage et al. MYC gene rearrangements are associated with a poor prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients treated with R-CHOP chemotherapy. Blood 2009;114:3533
  24. Xu-Monette et al. Mutational profile and prognostic significance of TP53 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients treated with R-CHOP: report from an International DLBCL Rituximab-CHOP Consortium Program Study. Blood 2012;120:3986(TP53 mutation, but not deletion or LOH, associated with worse prognosis).
  25. Steidl et al. MHC class II transactivator CIITA is a recurrent gene fusion partner in lymphoid cancers. Nature 2011;471:377
  26. Morin et al. Frequent mutation of histone-modifying genes in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Nature 2011;476:298
  27. Werner et al. Nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase: the ultimate oncogene and therapeutic target. Blood 2017;129:823
  28. Hummel et al. A Biologic Definition of Burkitt’s Lymphoma from Transcriptional and Genomic Profiling. NEJM 2006;354:2419
  29. Dave et al. Molecular Diagnosis of Burkitt’s Lymphoma  NEJM 2006;354:2431
  30. Pasqualucci et al. Inactivating mutations of acetyltransferase genes in B-cell lymphoma. Nature 2011;471:189(CREBBP mutations cause defective inactivation of BCL6 and defective activation of P53)
  31. Aukema et al. Double-hit B-cell lymphomas. Blood 2011; 117:2319(Lymphomas other than Burkitt’s with c-myc breakpoint mutation)
  32. Arnold et al. Immunoglobulin-gene rearrangements as unique clonal markers in human lymphoid neoplasms. NEJM 1983; 309:1593
  33. Willis and Dyer. The role of immunoglobulin translocations in the pathogenesis of B-cell malignancies. Blood 2000;96:808
  34. Pals et al.Lymphoma dissemination: the other face of lymphocyte homing. Blood 2007;110:3102
  35. Hagner et al. Alcohol consumption and decreased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: role of mTOR dysfunction. Blood 2009;113:5526
  36. Bertrand et al. A prospective study of Epstein-Barr virus antibodies and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2010;116:3547(No evidence that EBV antibody profile predicts risk of NHL in immunocompetent patients)
  37. Jiang et al. Mechanisms of epigenetic deregulation in lymphoid neoplasms. Blood 2013;121:4271
  38. Wang et al. Polycomb genes, miRNA, and their deregulation in B-cell malignancies. Blood 2015;125:1217
  39. Coso et al. Pressing the right buttons: signaling in lymphomagenesis. Blood 2014;123:2614
  40. Melenotte et al. B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma linked to Coxiella burnetii. Blood 2016;127:113
  41. Neven et al. A Mendelian predisposition to B-cell lymphoma caused by IL-10R deficiency. Blood 2013;122:3713(Childhood lymphomas)

Staging/Imaging

  1. Kwee et al. Imaging in staging of malignant lymphoma: a systematic review. Blood 2008;111:504
  2. Seam et al. The role of FDG-PET scans in patients with lymphoma. Blood 2007;110:3507
  3. Haioun et al. [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in aggressive lymphoma: an early prognostic tool for predicting patient outcome. Blood 2005;106:1376
  4. Juweid. ME. Utility of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scanning in Managing Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma. Hematology 2006;259-65
  5. Zinzani et al. Role of [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Scan in the Follow-Up of Lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:1781
  6. Dupuis et al. Impact of [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Response Evaluation in Patients With High–Tumor Burden Follicular Lymphoma Treated With Immunochemotherapy: A Prospective Study From the Groupe d’Etudes des Lymphomes de l’Adulte and GOELAMS. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:4317(PET results “strongly predictive” of treatment outcome)
  7. Khan et al. PET-CT staging of DLBCL accurately identifies and provides new insight into the clinical significance of bone marrow involvement. Blood 2013;122: 61(Suggests PET-CT superior to marrow biopsy for identifying marrow involvement)
  8. Schöder et al. Prognostic value of interim FDG-PET in diffuse large cell lymphoma: results from the CALGB 50303 Clinical Trial. Blood 2020;135:2224
  9. Thompson et al. Utility of Routine Post-Therapy Surveillance Imaging in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2014;32:3506(Routine surveillance imaging does not improve outcomes)
  10. Cohen et al. Evaluating surveillance imaging for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2017;129:561(“Current imaging approaches do not detect most relapses prior to clinical signs and symptoms or improve survival”)
  11. Kurtz et al. Noninvasive monitoring of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by immunoglobulin high-throughput sequencing. Blood 2015;125:3679
  12. Roschewski et al. Circulating tumour DNA and CT monitoring in patients with untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a correlative biomarker study. Lancet Oncol 2015;16:541
  13. Brudno et al. Discordant bone marrow involvement in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2016;127:965